MOI(Moment of inertia），是一个物理名词，是指一个物体（严格来说是刚体）围绕一个轴转动的惯性大小的量度。它与物体的质量大小以 及质量分布有关；同时也是描述物体的动力特性的重要物理量。物体的MOI越高,驱使物体做旋转运动所需的动力就要多；也就是说物体的MOI越高，它就越不 易发生转动；相反地,物体的MOI越低,驱使物体围绕轴线作旋转运动所需的力就比较少，物体也就比较容易转动。
怎样增加击球距离
首先要从高尔夫球的飞行定律(Ball Flight Law)来解释怎样才能增加你的击球距离。
1.杆头速度Club head speed
2.击球角度Angle of Attack
3.球与杆面的接触点Strike
4.杆面角度Club Head Position
5.挥杆轨迹Swing Path
其中1、2、3点决定你的距离，第4、5点决定你的方向。如果每一杆都把1至5点都做得完美的话，老虎绝对不是你对手。
现在所说的MOI就是能够直接增加你的杆头速度。简单地解释一下MOI，试想一下，冰上芭蕾表演者在一开始旋转的时候双手是伸直的,速度比较慢。随着双手 从伸直到靠近身体的过程中，旋转的速度猛速增加。这个过程中，表演者双手伸直时的MOI数值比收紧双手时要高。MOI的数值越高旋转速度越慢。
设计球杆要讲MOI
先分析MOI在球杆的设计中与球手的关系。
在设计球杆时，较大的杆面与较大的重心分配能提供较大的甜蜜点，击球范围容错性也自然较大，除了增加误差容许度与弹道稳定性外，MOI越大的球杆，它在击 球瞬间所流失的能量也越少，击球距离更加稳定、平衡。但杆面的垂直MOI也随着增大，杆面的回转性较低，让球手击球时杆面较容易打开。
当球杆被挥动时，整个球杆都具有MOI，在挥杆过程中，球杆可以看成是围绕球手的脊柱这一轴做旋转。球杆越长，杆头越重，头、杆身、握把的总重量越大，整 个球杆的MOI越大；相反，球杆越短,杆头越轻，杆头、杆身、握把的总重量越小，整个球杆的MOI越小；MOI越大，球手就需要更大的力气，更多更强壮的 肌肉参与挥杆，也就是说越难挥杆，反之亦然。
所以买球杆时选择适合自己的MOI是非常重要的，如果每支杆的MOI重量一样，你挥每支杆的力气也一样，击球节奏就一样。
挥杆时MOI的影响
如上提到的，球杆可以看成是围绕球手的脊柱这一轴做旋转，而且MOI在挥杆过程中直接代表转身速度，而转身速度就直接决定杆速。所以在没有击球前，杆应该 尽量贴近身体躯干从而得到高的转身速度。试想一下，手拿哑铃，双手伸直，转身，相比于将哑铃靠近身体躯干转身，肯定是后者转得比较轻松的。所以球手在挥杆 时也应该要利用手腕将球杆尽量靠近身体直到击球的刹那，从而降低MOI令扭力增大。
注意事项 需要注意的是：一般球具厂商所强调的MOI，通常指的都是水平方向的数值；因为水平MOI对于击球的稳定与方向性影响最大。
常用单位
惯性力矩的常用单位是：盎司·平方英寸，或者是克·平方厘米，我们常用后者。
限制规定及举例
R&A对MOI值的限制规定是：
垂直MOI： 13.1盎司·平方英寸/2400克·平方厘米
水平MOI： 21.9盎司·平方英寸/4000克·平方厘米
倾斜MOI： 23.3盎司·平方英寸/4250克·平方厘米
举例说明：如果一支球杆的MOI是3000g·cm2，另一支是2000g·cm2，那么3000g·cm2的这一支不管在距离、方向或弹道上，都拥有较大的误差容许度
喜欢读英文的：
“Moment of inertia,” or MOI, is a property of physics that indicates the relative difference in how easy or difficult it will be to set any object in motion about a defined axis of rotation. The higher the MOI of an object, the more force will have to be applied to set that object in a rotational motion. Conversely, the lower the MOI, the less force needed to make the object rotate about an axis.
To understand MOI, think of a spinning ice skater. At the beginning of the spin, the skater extends her arms and the rotation speed is slow. As the skater pulls her arms in closer to her body, the speed of the spin greatly increases. Thus when the arms are extended, the skater’s Moment of Inertia is very high, and the result is a slower spin because the high MOI of the skater is resisting the speed of rotation. Conversely, the reason the spin speed increases when the skater pulls in her arms is that as the arms get closer to her body, the skater’s MOI falls lower and lower, creating less resistance to the rotation.
There are several different moments of inertia that are factors in the performance of a golf club. Remember, MOI has to first be defined by identifying what axis the object is rotating around. There is an MOI for the whole golf club which, when swung, is “rotated” around the golfer during the swing.
There are also three different MOIs which can be measured for the clubhead itself. Two of these MOIs are important in the design of any clubhead.
First, when you hit a shot off the center of the face, even though the head is secured to a shaft, the head will try to rotate around the vertical axis going through the clubhead’s center of gravity. Second, and at the same time, when the golfer swings the club on the downswing, the clubhead is rotating around the axis through the center of the shaft.
The first example refers to the MOI of the clubhead about its center of gravity. In marketing terms, this is the head design property that has a bearing on the amount of “forgiveness” a clubhead offers for off-center strikes. The larger the clubhead, and/or the more the designer incorporates perimeter weighting, the higher the MOI of the clubhead about its center of gravity vertical axis will be. The higher the MOI of the head about its vertical CG axis, the less the head will twist in response to an off-center hit, and the less distance will be lost from that off-center hit.
The smaller the head and the more head weight is positioned close to the center of the head, the lower the MOI of the head will be around its vertical CG axis, and the more distance will be lost when the ball is hit off center.
Again, higher MOI equals more resistance to the object being rotated around an axis; lower MOI equals less resistance to the object rotating around an axis.
The second example refers to the MOI of the clubhead about the shaft axis. Little is spoken about this MOI in equipment marketing, but it is an important head design factor that can affect the accuracy of the shot, not the distance. The bigger the head or the more weight that is placed far out on the toe of the clubhead, the higher the MOI of the head will be about the shaft’s axis. The smaller the head or the more weight that is positioned in the heel area of the head, the lower the MOI of the head will be about the shaft’s axis. The higher the clubhead MOI around the shaft, the more tendency there is for a golfer to leave the face open at impact. The lower the clubhead MOI around the shaft, the more tendency there is for a golfer to rotate the face more closed at impact.
As stated earlier, the whole golf club also has an MOI. The longer the club, the heavier the head, the heavier the total weight of the head, shaft and grip added together, the higher the MOI will be for the whole club. Conversely, the shorter the club, the lighter the head, the lower the weight of the head, shaft and grip, then the lower the MOI will be for the club.
The MOI of the club is important to matching the swing feel of all the clubs in the bag. Clubfitting theory states that if all clubs in a set are made to have the same, identical MOI, the golfer will be more consistent because each club will require the same effort to swing.
The current method for matching clubs in swing feel is called swingweight matching. Swingweight is an expression of the ratio of the weight in the grip end of the club to the weight in the rest of the club on down to the clubhead. Swingweight-matched golf clubs are not matched for MOI, but come relatively close to MOI matching. MOI matching of clubs is a swing matching system currently offered only by more advanced custom clubmakers.